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https://www.do1e.cn/posts/code/poetry
Cause#
Currently maintaining these two Python projects:
Previously, I was using setup.py for packaging, but when updating NJUlogin in November, I found the following prompt:
********************************************************************************
With Python 2.7 end-of-life, support for building universal wheels
(i.e., wheels that support both Python 2 and Python 3)
is being obviated.
Please discontinue using this option, or if you still need it,
file an issue with pypa/setuptools describing your use case.
By 2025-Aug-30, you need to update your project and remove deprecated calls
or your builds will no longer be supported.
********************************************************************************
Therefore, I decided to use the new pyproject.toml method for packaging. At that time, I temporarily learned Poetry and adapted it for NJUlogin. Today, while updating mijia-api, I wanted to adapt it as well, but I found that I forgot how to use it, so I’ll write a blog post to record it. It seems that I will use Poetry more often to manage dependencies in the future.
Original packaging script
```powershell remove-item dist -force -recurse python setup.py sdist build python setup.py bdist_wheel --universal twine upload dist/* ```Poetry#
The official positioning of Poetry is: Python packaging and dependency management made easy. It feels a bit like npm (if you have some understanding of nodejs), as it also modifies and manages dependency files through the command line.
However, Poetry is a bit long, so from now on, you will be called pop.
alias pop='poetry'
Set-Alias pop poetry
Installation#
Just check the documentation: https://python-poetry.org/docs/#installation
I am using pipx for installation here.
Initialize an existing project#
pop init
You will get the following pyproject.toml file
[tool.poetry]
name = "mijiaapi"
version = "0.0.0"
description = "A Python API for Xiaomi Mijia"
authors = ["Do1e <[email protected]>"]
license = "GPLv3"
readme = "README.md"
[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "^3.12"
[build-system]
requires = ["poetry-core"]
build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
However, since my package contains uppercase letters, I need to change the name under [tool.poetry] and additionally manually add a packages item, and also add some other configurations from setup.py:
2c2
< name = "mijiaapi"
---
> name = "mijiaAPI"
7a8,17
> homepage = "https://github.com/Do1e/mijia-api"
> repository = "https://github.com/Do1e/mijia-api"
> packages = [
> {include = "mijiaAPI"}
> ]
> classifiers = [
> "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
> "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU General Public License v3 (GPLv3)",
> "Operating System :: OS Independent",
> ]
Create a Poetry virtual environment and install dependencies#
By default, it will create a virtual environment in ~/.cache/pypoetry, which can be modified using pop config. For more details, see the documentation here. I personally prefer to place it in the project directory:
# Configure the virtual environment to be placed in the project directory
pop config virtualenvs.in-project true
# Create and use the virtual environment
pop env use python
# If using in a conda environment, this step is not needed, it will directly use the existing conda environment
source .venv/bin/activate
Then you can install the dependencies one by one from requirements.txt. The following command will write the dependencies into the pyproject.toml file and generate poetry.lock:
pop add requests qrcode
One major advantage of Poetry is that it can display dependencies in a tree structure:
pop show --tree
# qrcode 8.0 QR Code image generator
# └── colorama *
# requests 2.32.3 Python HTTP for Humans.
# ├── certifi >=2017.4.17
# ├── charset-normalizer >=2,<4
# ├── idna >=2.5,<4
# └── urllib3 >=1.21.1,<3
At this point, you can delete the original setup.py.
Package and publish#
The version can be dynamically specified using poetry-dynamic-versioning, so you don't have to modify the pyproject.toml to specify the version number each time.
git tag v1.3.0
pop self add "poetry-dynamic-versioning[plugin]"
pop dynamic-versioning enable
At this point, you can simply use one command to build:
pop build
Unlike twine, which uses ~/.pypirc to save the pypi token, Poetry requires additional configuration:
pop config pypi-token.pypi pypi-xxxxxx
Then you can publish it!
pop publish